{"id":5292,"date":"2022-02-03T06:58:45","date_gmt":"2022-02-03T11:58:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/?p=5292"},"modified":"2022-02-03T07:00:27","modified_gmt":"2022-02-03T12:00:27","slug":"trip-wire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2022\/02\/03\/trip-wire\/","title":{"rendered":"Trip Wire"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bombs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>I went to Denison University to study history and political science from 1974<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>to 1978.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Vietnam War was just ending, but the larger Cold War was at its height.&nbsp;&nbsp;The world was poised on the brink between the nuclear weapons of the United States and the Soviet Union, weapons that could destroy the world several times over.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cMoscow in flames, bombs on the way, film at eleven,\u201d was a dark joke with way too much truth to it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While I learned a lot about the American Constitutional system and the functions of American government, my favorite courses were about what led us to the current crisis of our time.&nbsp;&nbsp;I took \u201cWar and Revolution in the Twentieth Century\u201d, \u201cModern European History\u201d, World Political Geography\u201d, and \u201cHistory of the Modern Middle East\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp;But my favorite course was \u201cProblems in American National Security Policy\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp;The title was too long to explain \u2013 so the \u201cshortcut\u201d name for the course was \u201cBombs 360\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cold War<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The \u201cCold\u201d of the Cold War was really more of a goal:&nbsp;&nbsp;that neither the US or the USSR would use nuclear weapons to resolve their conflict.&nbsp;&nbsp;Atomic weapons were used once, against Japan in the actions that ended World War II.&nbsp;&nbsp;The damage done by those two bombs was comparable to the&nbsp;&nbsp;conventional fire bombings of Tokyo, Japan (90,000 killed) or Dresden, Germany (25,000 killed).&nbsp;&nbsp;But Hiroshima (90,000 to 140,000 killed) and Nagasaki (60,000 to 80,000 killed) were qualitatively different.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Tokyo and Dresden attacks took hundreds of bombers and thousands of airmen to cause the devastation. Hiroshima and Nagasaki each required just one plane, with a crew of twelve, and one bomb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The power of nuclear bombs seemed virtually limitless.&nbsp;&nbsp;By the time I was studying the subject in 1975, the B-52 bombers that took off from nearby Lockbourne Airbase (now Rickenbacker) had four nuclear weapons, each three hundred times more powerful than the bombs dropped on Japan.&nbsp;&nbsp;Twenty megaton bombs were \u201cstandard\u201d, well over a thousand times those first atom bombs.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Soviets even tested a sixty megaton device.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Attack and Counter<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Learning about foreign policy in the shadow of nuclear holocaust was all about maneuvering just short of the nuclear threshold.&nbsp;&nbsp;Whatever the Soviet Union and it\u2019s \u201callies\u201d or the United States and its coalitions did, it couldn\u2019t be an action that would \u201cforce\u201d the nuclear hand of the other.&nbsp;&nbsp;The United States tried to develop the \u201cStar Wars\u201d anti-nuclear missile project.&nbsp;&nbsp;It didn\u2019t work out (thirty-five years later we\u2019re still trying to stop \u201ca missile with a missile\u201d) but if it had, then the Soviet Union might be forced into a \u201cfirst strike\u201d with nuclear weapons.&nbsp;&nbsp;The would either use them before they were blocked, or lose their functionality entirely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But both the US and the USSR played a worldwide game of conventional, non-nuclear military threats, attacks and feints.&nbsp;&nbsp;The US was involved in the War in Vietnam.&nbsp;&nbsp;The USSR was supplying the North Vietnamese military and fighting the Americans with Soviet pilots flying some North Vietnamese fighters.&nbsp;&nbsp;The USSR invaded Afghanistan.&nbsp;&nbsp;The US supplied the Mujahedeen (Afghan fighters) and ultimately drove the Soviets out.&nbsp;&nbsp;(And yes, some of those Afghans later fought just as hard to throw the US out as well).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Iron Curtain<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>But the essential flashpoint of the Cold War wasn\u2019t in Southeast Asia, nor even in Central America (Cuba, Nicaragua).&nbsp;&nbsp;Those were the points of harassment, but not the real point of conflict.&nbsp;&nbsp;That was the border between Soviet controlled Eastern Europe and the free nations of the NATO alliance.&nbsp;&nbsp;That\u2019s where the tanks were poised, the fighting planes were circling, and the thousands of American and Soviet troops stared across the barbed wire and walls.&nbsp;&nbsp;Churchill aptly named \u201cthe line\u201d the Iron Curtain.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The American, British, French and German troops stood poised to defend.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Soviet tank corps stood ready to roll.&nbsp;&nbsp;World War III often was in the hands of junior officers, who might make the wrong move, and create a crisis that could engulf the world.&nbsp;&nbsp;It was in this era \u2013 from 1948 to 1989 &#8212; that both the Soviets and the United States and NATO, learned to do \u201cthe dance\u201d of Cold War diplomacy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reagan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>I was never a supporter of Ronald Reagan as President, but there is one issue where he proved to be successful.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Reagan Administration determined that the United States, with a GDP (gross domestic product) of $3 trillion, could outspend the Soviet Union with $1.2 trillion GDP.&nbsp;&nbsp;So we began to build missiles and planes, tanks and aircraft carriers, advanced submarines and possible space weapons.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Soviets might not want to compete economically, but they had little choice but to try to stay \u201cin the game\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp;After eight years, the financial pressure wrecked the Soviet economy, and caused the fall of the Communist government.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the Union fell, the Eastern European countries under Soviet control gained independence:&nbsp;&nbsp;Poland, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic and Slovakia), Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, East Germany, and Albania.&nbsp;&nbsp;Several other European states, integrated in the Union itself, broke away to be independent: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine set up their own governments.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So endeth the history lesson.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Putin&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The modern day President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, grew up in the Soviet Union as an up-and-coming member of the KGB, the Soviet spy organization.&nbsp;&nbsp;When the Soviet Union fell, Putin \u201cmorphed\u201d into a successful politician, using his Intelligence skills and making deals with oligarchs who got rich on the Soviet collapse to gain the Presidency.&nbsp;&nbsp;He has been leading Russia since 1999 (though he installed a \u201cpuppet\u201d President in his stead for four years).&nbsp;&nbsp;His goal is to regain the power of the Russian Empire \u2013 the Soviet Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are over 100,000 Russian troops on three sides of Ukraine.&nbsp;&nbsp;They are poised to strike, to return Ukraine to the&nbsp;<em>Rodina,&nbsp;<\/em>the traditional Russian homeland.&nbsp;&nbsp;While there are 170,000 soldiers in the Ukrainian Army, the Russians out-power them in weaponry, technology, and perhaps most importantly, supplies.&nbsp;&nbsp;But make no mistake, an all-out invasion of Ukraine by Russia wouldn\u2019t just be video of tanks streaming towards Kyiv.&nbsp;&nbsp;There would be a fight, an ugly fight, that wouldn\u2019t end when the Russians inevitably took nominal control.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Ukrainians are already prepared for an insurgency after a Russian takeover.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Putin&#8217;s Dream<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>So if Putin is determined to have Ukraine, he will have it.&nbsp;&nbsp;But it will have a cost, not just in Ukraine itself, but in the NATO reaction throughout Europe.&nbsp;&nbsp;Russia is facing huge economic sanctions that could detach them from the world economy.&nbsp;&nbsp;And NATO is making it clear:&nbsp;&nbsp;while Ukraine is not a part of NATO, many of the other former Soviet states are, and NATO will defend them from attack.&nbsp;&nbsp;Need a demonstration of that resolve?&nbsp;&nbsp;3000 additional US Troops are shipping to Eastern Europe now.&nbsp;&nbsp;They are a \u201ctrip-wire\u201d:&nbsp;&nbsp;attack them and \u201call bets are off\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladimir Putin is a skilled negotiator.&nbsp;&nbsp;It may be that he is simply playing out a \u201cbluff\u201d, that, with the right incentives, can be called off.&nbsp;&nbsp;And the Biden Administration and NATO are giving him both some incentives to back down, and punishments if he chooses not to.&nbsp;&nbsp;In the end, it comes down to whether Putin is \u201cjust\u201d looking for an edge, or is determined to fulfill his dream of rebuilding the Russian Empire.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Cost<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>But Putin is also aware of why the Soviet Union failed.&nbsp;&nbsp;Russia\u2019s 2021 GDP was $1.7 Trillion.&nbsp;&nbsp;The European Union GDP was $17 Trillion.&nbsp;&nbsp;And the US 2021 GDP, was $23 Trillion (because you want to know:&nbsp;&nbsp;China 2021 GDP $18 Trillion).&nbsp;&nbsp;So while Putin may have more tanks and planes than Ukraine, he is in no position to \u201cwin\u201d an economic war with NATO and the US.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s not really about what Putin wants \u2013 it\u2019s about the resolve of the US and NATO to protect those Eastern European states.&nbsp;&nbsp;And it\u2019s probably not a \u201cblood\u201d issue \u2013 it\u2019s an issue of treasure.  Will NATO allies will&nbsp;&nbsp;spend enough of their treasure to \u201cbuy\u201d the poker game that Putin is playing?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And that\u2019s an old \u201cCold War\u201d maneuver.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thanks for the solution, Mr. Reagan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bombs I went to Denison University to study history and political science from 1974&nbsp;to 1978.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Vietnam War was just ending, but the larger Cold War was at its height.&nbsp;&nbsp;The world was poised on the brink between the nuclear weapons of the United States and the Soviet Union, weapons that could destroy the world several times &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2022\/02\/03\/trip-wire\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Trip Wire&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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