{"id":2978,"date":"2020-06-11T10:33:48","date_gmt":"2020-06-11T14:33:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/?p=2978"},"modified":"2020-06-11T10:33:53","modified_gmt":"2020-06-11T14:33:53","slug":"it-happened-in-tulsa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2020\/06\/11\/it-happened-in-tulsa\/","title":{"rendered":"It Happened in Tulsa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">History<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I graduated from good old Wyoming High School in 1974.\u00a0\u00a0I grew up watching violence on television, from the Bloody Sunday beatings and tear-gassing of civil rights protestors on the Edmund Pettus Bridge in 1965 to the Chicago Democratic Convention police riots of 1968. \u00a0Like most Ohio students in that time, I took American History twice, once in eighth grade, and once again in my junior year.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">My teachers were my parents\u2019 age, veterans of the Second World War.&nbsp;&nbsp;History class at both levels was the same.&nbsp;&nbsp;We started with settlement, then onto revolution, industrialization, Civil War, more industrialization, progressivism, World War I, Depression, World War II.&nbsp;&nbsp;Anything that happened after World War II was a bonus, and we never got too far into Vietnam, or Civil Rights.&nbsp;&nbsp;Those were current events, not history, I guess.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">History class was predictable, and it was very, very, white.&nbsp;&nbsp;It wasn\u2019t until I reached Denison University that I began to find the contributions of people of color in American development, and even then, it was more from self-study than curriculum.&nbsp;&nbsp;So when I graduated from college with a degree in \u201cAmerican Political Studies\u201d, I\u2019d never heard of Tulsa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historic Omission<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">My young friends who are now in the streets protesting today didn\u2019t know about Tulsa either, and they blame me for that.&nbsp;&nbsp;We teachers didn\u2019t teach them about it.&nbsp;&nbsp;There\u2019s a book titled&nbsp;<em>Everything I Needed to Know I Learned in Kindergarten.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>It seems as history teachers, if we didn\u2019t learn it in high school, it\u2019s difficult to accept that it happened.&nbsp;&nbsp;That\u2019s no excuse, but it still seems to be true.&nbsp;&nbsp;Revelations of history are questioned, because they aren\u2019t \u201ca part\u201d of the comfortable body of knowledge we grew up with.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And we\u2019ve passed that onto the next generation, with white \u201ccentric\u201d history lessons, because it was passed that way to us.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tulsa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So what about Tulsa?&nbsp;&nbsp;Tulsa is the site of one of the worst race massacre in American history.&nbsp;&nbsp;And it didn\u2019t happen in some ancient time, when history is vaguely reported.&nbsp;&nbsp;It happened in 1921, when newspapers, radios, and reporters were at their full powers.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1915, DW Griffith made an epic silent movie romanticizing the Ku Klux Klan,&nbsp;<em>The Birth of a Nation.<\/em>&nbsp;&nbsp;It was so popular, that President Woodrow Wilson had a private screening in the White House, a first.&nbsp;&nbsp;Griffith\u2019s revision of American History made the Union Reconstruction the villain and the Klan the hero.&nbsp;&nbsp;It resonated with an America returning from World War I.&nbsp;&nbsp;The post-war economic recession, and the migration of blacks from the South competing for employment throughout the country, was fertile ground for hate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1921 was the year of the true ascent of the Ku Klux Klan.&nbsp;&nbsp;They were \u201cabove ground\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp;There were marches in the streets, with thousands of Klan members proudly waving flags (both United States and Confederate) and robes.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Klan became a potent political force, in many states. Running without Klan endorsement was a losing political strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tulsa was an oil boom city.\u00a0\u00a0Highly segregated, the black population was centered in the Greenwood neighborhood.\u00a0\u00a0The businesses of Greenwood were successful, earning the nickname \u201cthe Black Wall Street\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0And in 1921, mob justice wasn\u2019t uncommon in Tulsa.\u00a0\u00a0Only a year before, a white teenager was accused of murdering a white taxi driver.\u00a0\u00a0A lynch mob took him from jail and killed him.  The police did little to stop them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Massacre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On May 30, 1921, a black teenager named Dick Rowland, entered an elevator in downtown Tulsa.\u00a0\u00a0At the time elevators were operated by hand, with an \u201celevator boy\u201d at the controls.\u00a0\u00a0This elevator had an \u201celevator girl\u201d, Sarah Page, a young white woman.\u00a0\u00a0Somewhere in the ride, she screamed, and he bolted from the elevator and ran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rowland was arrested the next day, and the front page of the&nbsp;<em>Tulsa Tribune&nbsp;<\/em>reported he was charged with sexual assault.&nbsp;&nbsp;An angry mob of white men gathered in front of the Courthouse, demanding Rowland.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Sheriff barricaded the top floor of the building and refused to give him to the mob.&nbsp;&nbsp;Soon twenty-five armed black men, many veterans of World War I, came to offer help protecting the teenager.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Sheriff turned them away.&nbsp;&nbsp;The white mob attempted to break into the National Guard armory, but failed.&nbsp;&nbsp;By later in the evening, seventy-five armed black men returned to the Courthouse, and confronted the fifteen hundred white men in the crowd, some of whom carried guns.&nbsp;&nbsp;Shots were fired, and the black men retreated back to Greenwood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The white mob moved on Greenwood.\u00a0\u00a0A false rumor spread that there was a \u201cblack revolt\u201d going on, but in fact, it was white men rioting.\u00a0\u00a0By dawn of June 1<sup>st<\/sup>, thousands of white people were burning, looting and killing in the Greenwood neighborhood.\u00a0\u00a0The fire department was kept out of the area by armed rioters. Over 1200 homes were burned, and another 215 looted.\u00a0\u00a0The National Guard eventually put a stop to the violence and fires, and arrested many black people.\u00a0\u00a06000 ended up under guard at the local fairgrounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scrubbed History<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The official death total was listed at 36, with 10 whites killed.\u00a0\u00a0Dick Rowland was quietly released, and left town.\u00a0\u00a0The Greenwood community eventually was rebuilt, and the KKK got even stronger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Evidence of the riot was scrubbed from the record.\u00a0\u00a0The state and National Guard records were literally erased from the volumes.\u00a0\u00a0The newspaper headlines and front pages were removed from the bound records.\u00a0\u00a0It was only in the 1970\u2019s that the Massacre was publicly \u201cremembered\u201d, and years after that the true scope of the damage was revealed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2001, the Race Riot Commission concluded that between 100 and 300 people were killed and over 8000 made homeless in the riot.&nbsp;&nbsp;There are historians still looking for mass graves in the Greenwood area (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/topics\/roaring-twenties\/tulsa-race-massacre\">History<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trump Campaign<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So why bring up Tulsa today?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">President Trump is having a campaign rally in Tulsa on June 19<sup>th<\/sup>.\u00a0\u00a0That day is \u201cJuneteenth\u201d, the day celebrated by Americans for the revealing of the Emancipation Proclamation to slaves.\u00a0\u00a0The combination of Tulsa and \u201cJuneteenth\u201d for the first Trump Rally in the COVID and \u201cI Can\u2019t Breathe\u201d era is one of two possibilities.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Either the President\u2019s staff is so ignorant of the history that they don\u2019t realize the contrast they are creating.&nbsp;&nbsp;Or, more likely, they know exactly what they are doing.&nbsp;&nbsp;They are using the contrast to further polarize the electorate.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Trump campaign will use the outrage over their lack of sensitivity (they\u2019ll call it \u201cpolitical correctness\u201d) to further \u201cfire up\u201d their base.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">They want this first rally to be \u201cthe best\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>History I graduated from good old Wyoming High School in 1974.\u00a0\u00a0I grew up watching violence on television, from the Bloody Sunday beatings and tear-gassing of civil rights protestors on the Edmund Pettus Bridge in 1965 to the Chicago Democratic Convention police riots of 1968. \u00a0Like most Ohio students in that time, I took American History &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2020\/06\/11\/it-happened-in-tulsa\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;It Happened in Tulsa&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2978","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>It Happened in Tulsa : Our America - Essays on Politics and American Life<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The &quot;history&quot; we learned in school has big gaps in what really happened. 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