{"id":1583,"date":"2019-03-07T09:18:36","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T14:18:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/?p=1583"},"modified":"2019-03-07T09:18:42","modified_gmt":"2019-03-07T14:18:42","slug":"who-counts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2019\/03\/07\/who-counts\/","title":{"rendered":"Who Counts?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Who Counts?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Representatives and direct Taxes shall be\u00a0apportioned\u00a0among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.<a href=\"http:\/\/constitutionus.com\/#n2\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 The actual\u00a0Enumeration\u00a0shall be made within\u00a0three\u00a0Years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of\u00a0ten\u00a0Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct.\u00a0        US Constitution Art 1,\u00a0<\/em>\u00a72,<em> Clause 3 <\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Could there be anything less controversial in the Constitution then the Census?&nbsp;&nbsp;It is the basis for our representative democracy, but it\u2019s the simple counting of heads to determine the apportionment of representatives and taxes. No complications, just count everyone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From the very writing of the Constitution, the Census was counting more than just \u201ccitizens.\u201d&nbsp;As written, free persons, including indentured servants, were counted at one each.&nbsp;&nbsp;Indians were excluded, and all other persons, namely slaves, were counted as three fifths of a person.&nbsp;&nbsp;With the 14<sup>th<\/sup>Amendment to the Constitution, the \u201cthree-fifths\u201d compromise was deleted, and after 1900, Indians both on and off of reservations were beginning to be counted.&nbsp;&nbsp;By 1930, Indians were fully included.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is supposed to be a head count of every person in the country.&nbsp;&nbsp;Recently there have been concerns about \u201cunder-counting\u201d of homeless folks and those who are in the country without documentation.&nbsp;&nbsp;The current census is done by \u201chousehold,\u201d with the \u201chead of household\u201d filling out information for everyone who resides under their roof.&nbsp;&nbsp;But for those who don\u2019t have literal \u201croofs\u201d it is more difficult to gather the information.&nbsp;However, the census takers try, physically going to find those folks.&nbsp;&nbsp;That\u2019s how serious the Census is about counting \u2013 everyone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To many Americans, it seems innocuous that the Census Bureau was asked to include this simple question on the 2020 survey:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00a0<strong>Is this person a citizen of the United States?<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0____ Yes, born in the United States<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0____ Yes, born in Puerto Rico, Guam, US Virgin Islands, or  <\/strong><\/li><li><strong>                         Northern Marianas<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0____ Yes, born abroad of U.S. citizen parent or parents<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0____ Yes, U.S. citizen by naturalization \u2013 Print year of<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>                         naturalization ________<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0____ No, not a U.S. Citizen<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>There have been several censuses where they asked about the number of toilets in the house, the access to internet, and the income of the household.\u00a0\u00a0Up until 1950, the census always included a question about citizenship, so why shouldn\u2019t the Census gather this information?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is both a question of intent, and of consequences.&nbsp;&nbsp;If it is the intent of the Census (and it is) to count everyone in the United States, then this question that will without question create an \u201cundercount\u201d of persons,&nbsp;&nbsp;and should not be on the census.&nbsp;&nbsp;In our current climate regarding illegal immigration, with seemingly random and capricious ICE raids, dragging people from their long established homes for deportation, how likely are the \u201cheads of households\u201d where undocumented immigrants live to answer the citizenship question?&nbsp;&nbsp;And since not answering the question could serve as a \u201ctrigger\u201d for further investigation, it is so much more likely that the head of household will simply fail to fill out the census document itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s illegal, by the way.&nbsp;Failing to fill out a Census form or falsifying the information can result in a $5000 fine and up to sixty days in jail.&nbsp;&nbsp;And while the Census Bureau is not an enforcement agency and rarely prosecutes folks who fail to file, they will actually send workers to a household that fails to fill out the form. Despite this, placing the citizenship question on the form is likely to result in non-compliance and will result in fewer forms being returned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Census Bureau promises that all information provided is confidential, and will not be personally identified to anyone, including other government agencies like ICE.&nbsp;&nbsp;But \u201ctrust\u201d in government among minorities and the undocumented is pretty low.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;It doesn\u2019t help that today it was revealed that the Census Bureau is proposing to get data from the Department of Homeland Security about individual citizenship status, including full identifying information; name, address, and even the alien registration number of those who aren\u2019t US citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The professional staff at the Census Bureau were well aware of the consequences of asking the citizenship question, and advised the political leadership against it.\u00a0\u00a0Yet the orders to include it literally came from the top, from Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross.\u00a0\u00a0The Secretary went to some lengths to obscure it as his request, asking the Justice Department to &#8220;ask him&#8221; to include the question, but the origin clearly came from Ross and the White House political staff.\u00a0\u00a0This raises the question \u2013 what was their intent in wanting this controversial question added to the 2020 census?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Republican Party has for a decade waged a legal campaign to restrict the impact of the changing demographics of America.\u00a0\u00a0From the \u201cRedmap\u201d gerrymandering plan that has successfully maintained Republican majorities in many state legislatures and Congressional districts despite changing voting patterns, to legislation that served to restrict voting such as Voter ID laws; Republicans have searched for legal ways to maintain political power regardless of shrinking party membership and votes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What happens if the 2020 Census undercounts undocumented migrants?&nbsp;&nbsp;It isn\u2019t like they are voting, despite the alt-right cries, the worst recent voter fraud seems to have been committed by Republicans in North Carolina.&nbsp;So what\u2019s the difference if they aren\u2019t counted?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Census population is used to determine the \u201capportionment of representation.\u201d\u00a0Members of the House of Representatives are divided by ALL of the population, so if areas are undercounted, they will get fewer Representatives, and other areas will get more. Since the areas with greater numbers of undocumented also tend to be Democratic, that means fewer Democrats in Congress.\u00a0\u00a0In addition, votes in the Electoral College, the body that actually chooses the President and Vice President of the United States, are determined by the number of Members of the House (plus the number of Senators plus three.)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If the population is undercounted, then those representatives and electoral votes will go to more Republican areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately this is a partisan question with partisan outcomes.\u00a0\u00a0This has been confirmed by two US District Court Judges, one of whom said that; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c<em>\u2026 Secretary Wilbur Ross acted in bad faith, broke several laws, and violated the constitutional underpinning of representative democracy when he added a citizenship question to the 2020 Census.\u201d  &#8211; US District Judge Richard Seeborg.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The case has been \u201cfast tracked\u201d to the US Supreme Court, where the Federalist Society majority will be forced into a difficult choice.\u00a0\u00a0Their philosophical foundation is to follow the \u201coriginal intent\u201d of the founding fathers, who in clear language wanted everyone counted (other than Indians and two-fifths of slaves.)\u00a0\u00a0But their political desire is to help and maintain the Republican Party, and particularly the current President.\u00a0\u00a0It will be interesting how they reach a conclusion, because in the end there is only a basic choice:\u00a0\u00a0the question is on, or it is off.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who Counts? Representatives and direct Taxes shall be\u00a0apportioned\u00a0among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2019\/03\/07\/who-counts\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Who Counts?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Who Counts? : Our America - Essays on Politics and American Life<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dahlman.online\/index.php\/2019\/03\/07\/who-counts\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Who Counts? : Our America - Essays on Politics and American Life\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Who Counts? 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